The History of Projective Geometry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The History of Projective Geometry - Essay Example In the everyday life, one often does come across varied aspects of projective geometry. For example a motion picture being displayed on a screen is an example of projection. The shadows brought into existence by opaque objects are one other example of projective geometry. Projective geometry evolved and developed into a formal constituent of mathematical studies over a long period of time. History The history of projective geometry is an apt example of the confluence and collaboration between science and art. Projective geometry, to begin with had its origins in the studies in optics carried on by the Arab mathematicians like Alhazen (Boyer et al., 143). During the Renaissance, when the Western Europe developed a more look outside approach to varied aspects of life including mathematics and art, the discoveries and studies of Arab mathematicians that had by that time reached Europe through trade routes greatly influenced the Western world (Boyer et al., 145). The one big flaw in the Western art that had been created till now was that it was more or less flat in its presentation and style. However, soon, several early Renaissance artists after being influenced and inspired by the essentially Arab studies in optics, started to develop techniques of visual depiction that endowed their works of art with a three dimensional depth and perspective (Encyclopedia Britannica: Online) . The creations of Renaissance art had a significant impact on the contemporary and future mathematicians. The projective geometry evinced nascent reverberations in the architectural drawings of Leon Battista (1404-1472) and Filippo Brunelledchi (1377-1446). In fact, it was these two individuals who laid down the foundation of the method of perspective drawing (Encyclopedia Britannica: Online). The primary approach of this method was to connect the eyes of the painter to various points on a landscape with the help of seemingly straight lines. The original drawing was created on the basis of tracing the intersection of these lines on a vertical plane. Obviously, this approach towards drawing was named projective geometry as it intended to project a real plane on a picture plain (Encyclopedia Britannica: Online). Further, Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) and Gerard Desargues (1591-1661) further expanded the scope and possibility of projective geometry by developing the concept of ‘point of infinity’ (Boyer et al., 221). In that context, it would not be wrong to say that the works and studies of Gaspard Monge at some time during the end of the 18th century played a central and pivotal role in the future development and study of projective geometry (Boyer et al., 221). Still it was Jean-Victor Poncelet (1788-1867) who is attributed to be the father of modern projective geometry (.Encyclopedia Britannica: Online) Jean-Victor Poncelet was a renowned French engineer and mathematician who are credited with the honor of systematically and formally reviving projective ge ometry in the 19th century. Some mathematicians go even as far ahead to claim that his work Traite des  proprietes projectives des figures was actually the first credible, authentic and well researched work on projective geometry after what was published by Gerard Desargues in the 17th century (.Encyclopedia Britannica: Online )To begin with it were the French mathematicians Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) and

Implementing Change Report Essay Example for Free

Implementing Change Report Essay This report will help Kudlers Fine Foods in upgrading the application of a modification within the organizations sales division. The report consist of five stages in implementing change that include, Stage one managing and evaluating the change procedures, study the measurement and observation devices, and which methods to use. Stage two- monitoring the modification process for control over the modification procedures for expected possibilities for changes within the organization. Stage three recognizing at risk divisions of the modification procedure open to modification resistors including the reasons for methods that will overcome the resistors the organization needs change. Stage four explanation and advantages of the methods used in the organizations practices of improving the modification. Stage five discussions on how the methods used in the modification can affect the organizations practices. CHANGES TO IMPLEMENT Kudlers Fine Foods sales division actions relating to the sale of wine, sale of exceptional food items, and customers registering for the Kudlers wine appreciation courses are unsatisfactory. A potential modification is under consideration that will offer extra training to the current sales reps in the sales department. Additional training will inform sales employees of the issues the department is issues facing on item considered exception to the organization. The training is mandatory and every employee in the sales division must attend. In addition to training, it is important for management to implement a bonus pay structure. This will help to motivate employees to do his or her best in ensuring the sales in wine and exceptional food items increase and influence consumers register for Kudlers Fine Foods wine appreciation courses. The Kudlers Fine Foods organization believes in receiving precise modifications appealing, effective, and beneficial to the company as well as its employees. Approving and submitting an application for a modification successfully will lead the organization to a higher level profit, success, and effectiveness. The administration of Kudlers Fine Foods will use the modification control method that will help management interact a shared mission with Kudlers employees (Leban Stone, 2008). The modification control method will also inform employees on why the organization is in need of a modification and how the modification is beneficial to employees and the companys performance (Leban Stone, 2008). Managements at Kudlers main focus are properly to apply the modification to employees as well as companies stakeholders implicated in modification. MONITORING AND EVALUATING THE CHANGE PROCESS Constant supervision is important in the processes of an organizations modification application. Because of the problems in Kudlers sales division it is important for administration continuously to supervision production in every division carefully. Management must use measurements and observation devices Management should employ the use of measurement and methods of observation  and devices to obtain excellent results in which sales indications supply the current measurements of the sales performance and the retail increase. The three measurement and observation devices include The implementation of pulse conference status meetings in which management can obtain information on the status of the modification. Regular, face-to-face, and brief conference status meetings are important because it will show management the current performance of the modification and division is at risk for problems in performance (Project Management Guru, 2012). Obtaining the current status and outlining a forecast a specific period for the modification project. This assist management in assessing if the modifications projected schedule is running as planned. The modifications projected schedule variance assist management in forecasting (The Times 100, 1995-2013). The modification control record that reports the changes within duration of the application procedure. In regard to the future the modification control record will helps management to avoid problems that may occur in the process of the modification. The report is important because it will help management in monitoring the completion of each item (The Times 100, 1995-2013). ANTICIPATED OPPORTUNITIES There are often times when the modifications will cause operating and functioning capability of the organization possibilities. These possibilities may improve how the sales divisions is operating and functioning, encourage an expansion off the division, and help the organization in advising the company evaluate other divisions within the organization. Evaluating other divisions within the organization can help the organization in identifying needed in other areas in the organization. This will provide Kudlers Fine Foods the opportunity in experiencing the processes of change and how change can benefit the organization. These opportunities also can help the organization in developing a strategy that  helps the organization modify plans and processes that have failed. PARTS PRONE TO CHANGE RESISTERS Some employees often oppose change. These individuals fear changes and what a modification within the organization may do to his or her current duties. Employees may also resist change because he or she does not understand the purpose of a modification. Some employees resist change because he or she is comfortable in the way he or she has performed his or her task in the past. Acknowledging why employees oppose changes made in the organization helps the organization develop a plan that will help overcome reason he or she is opposing the purpose of the modification. Knowing that the change will benefit everyone working within the division with help inspire employees. The fewer employees resist change makes it easier for management to successful meet the goal of increasing profit and registering more clients into the wine appreciation courses. Management should ensure the he or she interacts with employees resisting the modification. Discussing issues with the employees and meeting with each employee face-to-face will help management explain how the change is beneficial to the employee and the organization. USING THE ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE An organizations values, activities, and beliefs are important aspects that constitute an organizations tradition. At Kudlers employees share the same kind of values, this makes the work environment a pleasant and comfortable to work. When employees share the same values the less conflict, he or she has within the workforce. To ensure modification processes advance smoothly the role of Kudlers organizational tradition are essential. The companys organizational tradition helps in developing a positive attitude in the workplace. To create a positive working environment for the organizations employees Kudler managers uses several leadership styles to interacting with employees from different cultures. . Kudlers uses a detailed description of organizational structure for  determining the level of authority an individual has over other employees and determining specific duties an employee performs. Another important structure is the vertical dimension organizational structure. This organizational structure defines which employees have the authority to make decisions and which employees will supervise the request of the decisions made; whereas the horizontal dimension organizational structure consist of separates the duties and observes the level of the employees performance EFFECT ON ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE There are several factors during the modification that may affect Kudler current organizational tradition. The modification may cause Kudlers employees to resist the changes made within the organization. The change may lead to employee conflict, the decrease in job satisfaction, and motivation. Kudler management must work properly together with the employees in the modification to avoid employee from becoming unsatisfied and discouraged. Employees may become dejected and believe that his or her performance is no longer satisfying to the companys needs. This can cause the Kudlers organizational tradition to change from an encouraging, inspiring, and pleasant environment to an undesirable, adverse, and unsatisfying environment. Together these factors key to modifying Kudlers organizational tradition. CONCLUSION Kudlers must first modify the sales division by offering employees extra training regarding the sale of wine, exceptional food items, and registering customers for the Kudlers wine appreciation courses. Second the organization must implement a bonus pay structure to motivate employees in increasing sales influencing consumers to register in the organizations wine appreciation courses. Management should employ the use of measurement and methods of observation and devices to obtain excellent results in which sales indications supply the current measurements of the sales performance and the retail increase. Evaluate other divisions within the organization to help the organization in identifying needed in other areas in the organization. Evaluating other divisions will provide Kudlers Fine Foods with the opportunity of controlling change and how change can benefit the organizations future. Acknowledging employees who oppose to organizational changes to ensure the organization develop a plan in overcoming the reason resistant to the modification. This will help aware employees that the change will benefit everyone working within the division. Interacting with employee is the important aspects that will help in establishing an organizations tradition. Modifying Kudlers organizational tradition will ensure the modification procedure proceeds efficiently and develop motivation within the work environment. References: Leban, B., Stone, R. (2008), Managing organizational change (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Project Management Guru, 2009-2012, _Project Management Monitoring and Controlling Tool Techniques_, retrieved from: http://www.projectmanagementguru.com/controlling.html The Times 100, 1995-2013_, Developing the skills for managing change,_ retrieved from: http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/cmi/developing-the-skills-for-managingchange/evaluating-the-management-of-change.html#axzz2TDSg7Kpo

Graves Disease Essay -- Graves disease Biology Essays

Graves' Disease The disease was first noted in 1786 by Caleb Hillier Parry 1755- 1822, physician from General Hospital, Bath, England. His account was published posthumously in 1825. However Graves' disease is named after the Irish physician who described several cases in London Medical Journal in 1835. Graves' disease is also known as Parry's disease. In Europe, the disease is known as Basedow's disease. It is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis (the morbid condition due to over activity of the thyroid gland). The disorder has three major manifestations: Hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter Ophthalmopathy and Dermopathy The three manifestations need not appear together. Indeed one or two never appear, and moreover, the three may run courses that are largely independent of one another. Graves' disease can occur at any age but is unusual before puberty. It most commonly affects the 30 to 50 year age group. The disease is more frequent in women, the ratio of predominance in women may be as high as 7 : 1. Genetic factors play a role. There is an association between the disease and the genes HLA ( human leucocyte antigen) B8, -DRw3, -Bw36, -Bw46. Indeed, a 50% concordance is found between identical twins. This means that if one individual in an identical pair of twins is afflicted with Graves' disease, the likelihood of the other sibling coming down with Graves' is 50%. Being an autoimmune disease, there is a clinical and immunologic overlap between Graves' disease and other diseases with prominent autoimmune features. These include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE), rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus ( IDDM), and Addison's disease. Thyroid hormones are important mediators of growth and differentiation. The absence of which leads to cretins in childhood. The hormones are also responsible for the regulation of the various metabolic pathways which are vital for life. They are necessary for the normal function of many organ systems. In the thyroid gland, multiple follicles make, store and release thyroid hormones into the surrounding capillaries. These little vessels then bring the hormones to the rest of the body where they are needed. "Thyroid hormones" refers mainly to two hormones T3 and T4, which are single, amino acids containing iodine. They are p... ...tient is willing to take replacement Thyroxine for life, the simplest approach may be the use of radioiodine. There are arguments for and against giving radioiodine to children and young persons who plan to have children. Previously, clinicians are unwilling to advise its use under the age of 45. This restriction is now rapidly being laxed as there is no convincing evidence that there is significant increase in the incidence of cancers occurring in adulthood secondary to its usage. Radioiodine can ensure that mothers are not taking anti- thyroid drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Therefore, an argument can be made for using this treatment method for all age groups except when pregnant or breastfeeding. Relapse of Graves' disease after medical therapy may be managed with a second course, but at this point radioiodine is preferred. During pregnancy and breastfeeding periods, PTU ( propylthiouracil) appears to be the safest drug to use. And surgery is advised in cases with the presence of concomitant suspicious nodule. Each of the 3 major treatments ( anti- thyroid drugs, surgery and radioactive iodine) has their own advantages and disadvantages compared to the others.

Discuss the character of Catherine Earnshaw and your reaction to her and her importance to the novel as a whole

Born in 1818 at Thornton in Yorkshire, Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ lived for most of her life at Haworth, near Keighley. The fifth of the six children of Reverend Patrick Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, she became familiar with death early. When she was three years old in 1821, her mother died of cancer, and when she was seven her two older sisters, boarding at Cowan Bridge School, died of consumption. Emily and her sister Charlotte, who also attended this school, returned to Haworth where, with their sister Anne and brother Branwell, were brought up by their aunt. Emily was apparently an intelligent, lively child, becoming more reserved as she grew older. Emily remained at Haworth, looking after her father and the household. She continued writing, and in 1846, persuaded by Charlotte, the sisters published a joint collection of poems, under the pen names of Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. Wuthering Heights, probably begun in autumn 1845, and was published in December 1847. Reviews were mixed. The novel's power and originality were recognized, but fault was found with its violence, coarse language, and apparent lack of moral. In September 1848, Branwell, whose various attempts at making a career ended in addiction to opium and drink, died. After his funeral, Emily became ill but, refusing a doctor, carried on with her household duties. She died on 19th December 1848 of consumption, with characteristic courage and independence of spirit. Charlotte wrote in the 1850 addition of Wuthering Heights. When analyzing Catherine Earnshaw's character, one can draw many conclusions from observing her relationships with other characters in Wuthering Heights. The three most significant people in Catherine's life are Heathcliff, Edgar Linton and Nelly Dean. Catherine was a stubborn, playful but an appealing child. Although Catherine tends to not like Heathcliff at first, she becomes his friend, where they share time together playing on the moors. She says: ‘My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning' (p75). Catherine and Heathcliff have an unusual type of love for one another; their love is more spiritual than physical. They talk about dying together rather than living together. They make love not by giving each other pleasure but by inflicting pain. Heathcliff and Catherine are meant to be. In fact, she confides to Nelly one night that Heathcliff is: â€Å"more myself than I am†¦ Whatever souls are made of, his and mine are the same.† (p73). The main focus in Wuthering Heights is the passionate, self-destructive love of Catherine and Heathcliff. Cathy describes her love, in chapter 9: ‘My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible light, but necessary. Nelly, I am Heathcliff!' After returning from the Grange, Catherine has become more ladylike but still has a temper, as seen in Chapter 8 where she pinches Nelly and slaps Edgar. Her clinginess to Heathcliff remains, but the wealth and social position associated with marrying Edgar also attracts her. Catherine is honest and self-aware enough to admit her instinct that marrying Edgar is wrong, but convinces herself that it won't hinder her friendship with Heathcliff. When Heathcliff returns, Catherine is forced to choose between him and Edgar. Unfortunately, Catherine becomes ill with brain fever. In her feverish state, she begins to understand her condition, whilst feeling grief with separation from Heathcliff and being ‘wrenched' from Wuthering Heights to be ‘the lady of Thrushcross Grange, and the wife of a stranger' (p116). However, she makes the decision to marry Edgar Linton because it would degrade her to marry Heathcliff. This choice proves to be fatal. On her deathbed, she realizes what she has done. When Heathcliff comes to see her during her last days, she tells him bitterly, â€Å"I with I could hold you 'till we were both dead! I shouldn't care what you suffered. I care nothing for your sufferings. Why shouldn't you suffer? I do.† (p145). Although she dies halfway through the novel, her spirit lingers and continues to haunt Heathcliff at Wuthering Heights. The location of Catherine's coffin symbolizes the conflict that tears apart her short life. She is not buried in the chapel with the Linton's. Nor is her coffin buried among the graves of the Earnshaws. Instead, as Nelly describes in Chapter 16, Catherine is buried ‘in a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor'. Catherine is buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties. Her actions are motivated by her social ambitions, which are awakened during her first stay at the Linton's, and which eventually force her to marry Edgar. Catherine's death is the conclusion of the conflict between herself and Heathcliff and removes any possibility that their conflict could be resolved positively. After Catherine's death, Heathcliff purely extends and deepens his drives toward revenge and cruelty. Catherine and Heathcliff's language is often poetic in its use of imagery and rhythm to convey emotions, as in Catherine's description of her love for Heathcliff in Chapter 9, with natural images of winter, trees and rocks. Heathcliff speaks in a similar way, for example in Chapter 33 when he describes seeing Catherine: ‘In every cloud, in every tree – filling the air at night, and caught by glimpses in every object' (p298), and the changes in the weather in chapter 17 after Catherine's death. Nelly asks Lockwood, in connection with Catherine's death: ‘Do you believe such people are happy in the other world, sir? I'd give a great deal to know' (p153). Different characters in the book have different ideas of heaven or hell, but it is the story of Heathcliff and Catherine that is the most centrally concerned with the idea of death. In Chapter 3, we come across the supernatural in the form of Catherine's ghost, which is given a powerful sense of reality. As I read on, the visit of the ghost is put in context. Catherine says to Nelly, ‘surely you and everybody have a notion that there is or should be an existence of yours beyond you' (p75). Before Catherine's death, Nelly notices that her eyes seemed to gaze beyond the objects round her, ‘you would have said out of this world' (p144). She anticipates a world where she will be ‘incomparably beyond and above you all' (p148). After her death, Heathcliff asks her to haunt him: ‘I know that ghosts have wandered on earth. Be with me always' (p155). At the end of the novel, two spirits are seen walking together on the moors. I can conclude that the two have finally found happiness together. Love is linked with dreams, through which Catherine finds the truth about her deepest feelings (Chapters 9 and 12). When describing their relationship, the language of Heathcliff and Catherine is obsessive and dramatic. I.e. in Heathcliff's description of visiting the Grange in Chapter 5, his account in Chapter 29 and his revelations to Nelly in the Final Chapters. His description of how he sensed Catherine's presence after his funeral is characteristic, with its exclamations, short sentences, dashes and powerful images:' I looked round impatiently – I felt her by me – I could almost see her, and yet I could not! I ought to have sweat blood then†¦' (p226). I see Catherine now and then in a concerned, sometimes in an unconcerned light. I witness her nastiness to Isabella in Chapter 10, her self-interest and determination to get her own way when she assumes Edgar must put up with Heathcliff, because that's what she wants, and when she determines to break both men's hearts by breaking her own (Chapter 11), we are shown her inappropriate tearing of the pillow with her teeth (Chapter 12). I also have sympathy for Catherine by first meeting her through her childhood and her devotion to Heathcliff and love for him (p75). Finally, the fact that Nelly misunderstands Catherine and underestimates her illness, dismissing her of her love for Heathcliff in Chapter 9 and her painfully won insights in Chapter 12 as ‘nonsense', it increases my eagerness to sympathise with her and see her at her tragic moments. Linked with love is the subject of being separated and being reunited. Heathcliff and Catherine experience this when Catherine stays at the Grange, then when Heathcliff leaves, and again at Catherine's death. There is also the love between Catherine and Edgar, which Nelly sees as ‘deep and growing happiness' (p84), but which Catherine sees changing ‘as winter changes the trees' (p75). Edgar Linton brings out the more sensitive, civilized side of Catherine. Since she considers Heathcliff below her in social standing, she marries Edgar thinking it is the right thing to do. She tries to convince herself that she loves him. â€Å"†¦because he is young and cheerful†¦because he loves me†¦and he will be rich, and I shall be the greatest woman in the neighborhood, and I shall be proud of having such a husband.† (p71). Forced to work as a labourer by Hindley, Heathciff deteriorates mentally and in appearance, whilst Catherine becomes ‘the queen of the countryside' (p59). When Heathcliff overhears her say marrying him would ‘degrade' her, he also hears her say she ‘had not brought Heathcliff so low' (p.73). So it is Hindley along with Edgar, whose wealth and property I find Catherine finds so attractive, which separate Heathcliff from his love and inspire his ruthless revenge. Catherine is attracted to Thrushcross Grange, but knows in her heart and soul it is the wrong path to take. Edgar is just the opposite of Heathcliff. He is cheerful, pleasant, and tender hearted. For example, when his sister dies, he takes in her child, Linton, as his own – that is until Heathcliff steps in. Although he loves her very much and he has his child, she does not love him back. Unlike Heathcliff and Edgar, Nelly Dean does not like Catherine. She is the narrator throughout the novel. Through Nelly's comments I am able to understand that she doesn't like any one of these three characters. She labels Catherine as being a spoiled little brat who always gets her way. She also blames the entire tragedy of the two houses on Catherine and her passions. In one particular instance, Catherine cries out to Nelly that she is ‘very unhappy' Nelly replies, ‘A pity. You're hard to please: so many friends and so few cares, and can't make yourself content!' (p70). Another comment she makes later in the novel is ‘she behaved infinitely better than I dared to expect.' (p83). Although Nelly Dean was not fond of Catherine, she was loyal and respectful to her and her family. Being the idol of the novel, Catherine Earnshaw is a very complex character. Emily Brontà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ I feel does an excellent job characterizing her not only on the surface, but also through the other characters. Through each character, I am able to see from a different perspective a better ability to analyze Catherine's character. Catherine Earnshaw's iron will, immaturity, and search for high-profile acceptance cause her character to star in the tragedy of a lost generation. She is loving and violent, gentle and passionate, affectionate and stubborn. Her chaotic and aggressive personality rivals only that of Heathcliff. Like Heathcliff, certain traumas experienced feed the fire of their passion, self-interest, and youthfulness. For example, she is the offspring of a man who says that because he can't understand her, he can't love her. Meanwhile, Catherine finds the inner core and a deep connection with the stranger who enters her own father's affection and her life so long. While her brother feels evicted and threatened by Heathcliff, Catherine sees the ‘dirty, gypsy boy' a reflection of her own wild nature. Perhaps Catherine and Heathcliff never leave their selfishness and wildness of childhood because they are satisfied in their obsession just before they start to grow up. Possibly, they prefer to look upon each other as a childlike mirror image, rather than to progress to the stage of adults. Catherine and Heathcliff never appear to feel sexual desire for others, and are prevented in discovering it in each other as well. Possibly, they are both emotionally trapped in their natural habitat taking in the beauty of the moors while escaping adult mind games and romantic rules and actions. The great tragedy in the novel is when Catherine, in all her elegant enhancement, attempts to grow up and marry an established man. With the exception of wealth and position, all is lost in this hasty decision. Catherine and Heathcliff's relations are further let down, and upon their long-awaited reunion, fireworks go off: ‘With straining eagerness Catherine gazed toward the entrance of her chamber,' (p140) Nelly recalled. Heathcliff's reaction is not surprisingly similar, ‘In a stride or two was at her side, and he had her grasped in his arms. He bestowed more kisses than ever he gave in his life before' (p140). It is at this point that Cathy and Heathcliff differ the most. Remarkably, Cathy further displays he lack of maturity by attempting to make her beloved feel guilty that she is suffering, although it is caused by her own lack of consideration. The dramatic and suffering scene is described as, ‘The two, to a cool spectator, made a strange and fearful picture' (p141). Catherine's gift of pain to Heathcliff and Heathcliff's ability to change her justification in a brief conversation suggest he is the most loyal lover. She submitted to the pressures of marrying a man for his position as Heathcliff changed his own life to be that man. However wicked Heathcliff becomes, he never betrays his dream and his own private vision of eternal bliss alongside Cathy, while she seeks a worldly success in the marriage of Edgar Linton for its own sake. Although they each admit that they are necessarily part of one another, exclusively Heathcliff is willing to face the consequences.

Lemon Law Essay

Your car is most important asset, that is expected to lasts years on the road, giving you a great feeling of independent, to go everyway and anyway you want without being held back by anything, but it’s not expected that your car will break down the day after it is bought. Yet, there is a faulty car out there that just does not work as it should. It is seems perfect at first, you make it out of the showroom and onto the highway, then you find yourself on the side of the road, smoke coming from under the hood and you are wondering to yourself, â€Å"What happened? The car is new, this shouldn’t happen†, well that is the lemon for you. The only car in history that acts the same way as a paper boat in a lake; it sails for a while then begins to sink. Fortunately, there is a law that has been set into moment to protects you, the valued consumer from these defective vehicles. Under this law you are entitled to a number reimbursement just because of this one car. This law has been around for a while but, have you ever heard of the Lemon Law? If you ask anyone on the street- â€Å"Exactly what is the Lemon Law? † they might say the lemon law protects them if they purchase a faulty car—which is right, in the simplest form. Many people would find is rather difficult to say or not if this law does exist or if this law has been exploited by many others. Well Lemon Law does indeed exist and it’s used pretty commonly to protect the consumer who have found and bought a defective motorized vehicle, electronics, boats and other products that are defective by nature. Vehicle Lemon Law varies from state to state, but in essence it covers you if you should find yourself tied to a defective car, SUV, truck or other motor vehicles. The definition of a â€Å"lemon† vehicle is any vehicle that continuously fails to meets those standards of its intended function. But, to our surprise this law does not just cover cars. Hearing aids, other assistive devices, MP3 players and other electronics, and pets are covered by lemon laws, as long as the item goes against it true purpose. There is a federal warranty law (the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act) that protects all U. S. citizens. Some state lemon laws may not cover used cars and trucks or leased vehicles, only new cars. State laws, such as the California lemon laws, cover anything mechanical on the vehicle, and the federal law covers the same thing. If you bought a lemon vehicle, you could be entitled to your money back or a replacement vehicle. You may even win a cash settlement depending on your situation and if the faulty vehicle caused you any harm. Besides the homes we rent or buy, our cars are some of the most significant investments that we will ever make in life. It’s not always easy to get the resources needed to buy a new (or new to us) vehicle. For this reason, buying a car just to have it break down on you can be frustrating and very disappointing. If your vehicle isn’t living up to what is listed in the warranty, chances are that you purchased a lemon. If you suspect that you may have purchased a lemon, the first thing to do is check out what the lemon law is in your state. Lemon laws vary from state to state. Your law should lay out just what the criteria are for a car or other product to be classified as a lemon. After researching your state’s law, if you find that your car can be considered a lemon, the next thing to do is notify the seller or dealership. In most cases, the law requires that the car be fixed up to warranty standards after it has been deemed the responsibility of the manufacturer. Many sellers will shirk responsibility. In this case, it may be necessary to take the lemon law issue to a court of law. If that happens, it’s a good idea to hire a lemon law attorney to help you win your case. Keep in mind that your vehicle or other product must still be covered by the warranty. Once the warranty has expired, winning the complaint about your lemon is next to impossible. Even if your claim is valid, the manufacturer may do everything in their power to disprove your claim. Clear and consistent documentation of related vehicle issues is a must! In some states, you’re at more of a disadvantage with lemon law arbitration than with other states. Certain states back you up pretty well with their lemon law. California is a good example of that. Other states, such as Georgia, may not be the best states for filing a lemon law lawsuit. Buying a car, or any product for that matter, should be an exciting time, not one of disappointment and frustration! If you feel like you may have purchased a lemon, check the laws in your state. From there, you may want to look into hiring a lemon law lawyer. Regardless of what state you reside in, many people have purchased lemons in the past, and many people have been very angry about it, which is why the lemon law was created. Each state’s specifics are different though. In some states you’ll find that this law only covers cars, and in others you will find that it covers cars and motorcycles, while in other states you’ll find that it covers all types of vehicles, including recreational vehicles (RVs, or motor homes), all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), used autos, boats, appliances, computers, wheelchairs, hearing aids, live animals/pets, and now even regular houses! Whichever state you reside in, you’ll find that some kind of lemon law coverage is available for you to take advantage of. If you do buy a vehicle that you consider a lemon, you do not have to suffer in silence. You have legal recourse, and there are people who are willing to help you get the justice that you deserve. Lemon Law- the cause maybe sour, but the rewards are sweet.